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中文 Glossary of defined terms

BEE-9400

BEE-9400 beeswax: the 65 C hard wax

beeswax · Filtered beeswax, cosmetic grade, block · 2026-08-26 · By The Candle Bench

Filtered beeswax with a clear point at 65.5 C, the highest on this site and the reason a pure beeswax candle needs a wick two series sizes above its diameter. Its 24 % adhesion is the strongest pull-away we have measured.

Melt window61.5–65.5 °CPhase width4.0 °CShrinkage11.5 %Needle88 · 0.1 mmOil binding2.4 %Frosting risk2 / 5

Melt band 20–90 °C — every live specimen pinned at its own interval

SolidSlab / slush

20 °C55 °C90 °C

BEE-9400 melt envelope: solidus 61.5 °C to clear point 65.5 °C
Melt envelope, drawn as a parameterised SVG at build time
First softening 61.5 °C Surface yields to light finger pressure.
Slab stage 63.5 °C Pourable but still slushy at the edges.
Clear point 65.5 °C Fully liquid, no seed crystals left.
Congeal point 62.0 °C Surface skins over on cooling.
Phase width 4.0 °C Clear point minus first softening.
DSC peaks 63.1 °C · 64.8 °C Calorimetry peak temperatures, 2 °C/min ramp.
Crystal β 55.0 °C 7 nm · 74°

Beeswax is not a triglyceride and not an alkane: it is a mixture of long-chain esters, hydrocarbons and free acids, which is why its melt band is narrow but its congealing point sits only 3.5 C below the clear point. It sets fast and it sets hard.

A needle penetration of 88 means a beeswax candle takes a wick roughly two series sizes larger than the same diameter in soy. It also means the wax does not level itself: a beeswax candle keeps whatever surface it was poured with, which is the whole appeal of the grade and the reason it is the hardest to pour well.

Saponification value皂化值
Ester value酯值
Acid value酸值

Crystal forms

FormTransitionLayerTilt
beta β 55.0 °C 7 nm 74°
BEE-9400 crystal habit diagram
Layer / Tilt

Same-family shrinkage comparison

Shrink — the filled bar is this grade, the hollow bars are its family siblings

  • BEE-9400 11.5 %

Known failure modes

TriggerThresholdKnown failure modes
BEE-SCORCH melt temperature → above 90 C Scorching darkens the block and leaves a burnt note that survives the pour. A water bath at 75-80 C melts it in fifteen minutes without damage.
BEE-TUNNEL wick series → below 2 sizes up An under-wicked beeswax candle tunnels permanently and cannot be recovered by trimming. Start two series sizes above the soy equivalent.
BEE-SPUTTER oil binding → load above 4 % Beeswax holds almost no fragrance oil; above 4 % the oil pools at the wick base and the flame sputters. Blend with soy rather than loading harder.

Other live specimens